Kasubi Nda

tomb, monument
Native label	Makaburi ya Kasubi ya wafalme wa Buganda
Named after	Kasubi hill
Country	Uganda
Located in the administrative territorial entity	Rubaga Division, Kampala
Located in/on physical feature	Kasubi hill
Coordinate location	0°19′45″N 32°33′12″E
Significant event	list of World Heritage in Danger
Heritage designation	World Heritage Site, National Cultural Site of Uganda, World Heritage Sites in Uganda
Hɔn wɛbsaet	http://www.kasubitombs.org
World Heritage criteria	(i), (iii), (iv), (vi)

Kasubi Nda a ɔwɔ Kampala, Uganda, no nye bea a wosiee kabakafo anan (Buganda ahemfo) na Baganda adehye ebusua no mufo afofor. Dɛm ntsi, bea no da do ara yɛ honhom na amanyɛsɛm bea a ɔho hia ma Gandafo, na atsetsesɛm mu adansi ho nhwɛdo a ɔho hia. Ɔbɛyɛɛ UNESCO Wiadze Agyapadze Bea wɔ Mumu 2001 mu, ber a wɔkaa ho asɛm dɛ "adan a ɔyɛ nwonwa paa a wɔdze afifidze ndzɛmba ara kwa dzi dwuma wɔ Afrika Sahara anafo fam mantuw no nyinara mu".

Ɔkame ayɛ dɛ ogya bi sɛee adan akɛse a ɔwɔ hɔ no bi koraa wɔ Ebɔw 2010 mu, na wɔreyɛ dzea ɔdze bae no ho nhwehwɛmu. Dzea efii mu bae nye dɛ, wɔ Ayɛwoho 2010 mu no, wɔdze kaa Wiadze Egyapadze Mbea a ɔwɔ esiane ho no ho.

Buganda Ahemman no aka ntsam dɛ wɔbɛsan asi hɔn ahemfo adamoa na Ɔmampanyin Museveni kae dɛ Uganda man aban no bɛboa ma wɔasan asiesie bea no. Wofii ase sii bio wɔ afe 2014 mu, na Japan aban na ɔdze sika mae.

Nda

Wiadze Egyapadze Bea no yɛ bɛyɛ hekta 26 (acre 64) wɔ Kasubi koko a ɔwɔ Kampala kurow mu, bɛyɛ kilomita 5 (akwansin 3.1) wɔ kurow no finimfin atsifi fam atɔe. Bea no fa kɛse no ara yɛ kuayɛ asase a hɔn abue ano a wɔdze atsetsesɛm akwan horow na ɔyɛ kua. Ɔhene ahemfie bi a Muteesa I, Buganda Kabaka a ɔtɔ do 35 no sii wɔ 1882 mu, dze sii ahemfie a nye papa, Ssuuna II, sii wɔ 1820 mu no anam' wɔ ntwea ɛkoro do. Ahemfie fofor no bɛyɛɛ adehye amusiei ber a owui wɔ 1884 mu no. Bea no yɛ adehye adamoa 31 a ɔwɔ Buganda ahemman no mu nyinara fi ber a wɔdze ahenni no sii hɔ wɔ afeha a ɔtɔ do duabaasa (13) mu no mu biako. Sɛnea wɔtaa yɛ no, na wosie ɔhene a wawu no amu wɔ baabi biako, na wɔde kronkronbea soronko bi ma ɔhene a wawu no anom dompe, a wogye di sɛ ne kra wɔ mu. Nea ɔyɛ soronko no, wɔ atsetesɛm ho ahomegye mu no, beae a ɛwɔ Kampala no wɔ Buganda Kabakafo baanan ahemfo adamoa:

Muteesa I (1835–1884)
Mwanga II (1867–1903) (died in exile on the Seychelles Islands, and remains returned in 1910)
Daudi Chwa II (1896–1939)
Sir Edward Muteesa II (1924–1969) (died in exile in London, and remains returned in 1971).

Wosie Kabaka anan yi asefo wɔ baabi fofor wɔ bea no.

Wɔdze bea a wɔyɛ amandze no hye sii hɔ wɔ afe 1882 mu wɔ Kasubi Bepɔw do, a wɔsan frɛ no Ssekabaka Aboda. Wɔda do ara dze bark cloth nnua (Ficus natalensis) ahyɛ ahye no agyirae, a abɔ ho ban afi adan a ɔba fam a mprempren etwa bea no ho ehyia wɔ afa horow nyinara no ho. Bea tsitsir a wɔyɛ amandze no wɔ bea a ɔtrɛw no atsifi fam atɔe. Aponkɛse bi (Bujjabukula) kɔ adiwo ketewa bi na sanku dan (Ndoga-Obukaba) a wɔdze adehye sanku gu mu, na afei ɔkɔ adiwo kɛse a ɔtɔ do ebien a ɔyɛ kurukuruwa (Olugya) a ɔwɔ do bepɔw no atsifi, a wɔdze demmire ban etwa ho ehyia.

interior of Tombs of Kasubi Tombs

Finimfin dan kɛse (Muzibu Azaala Mpanga), a nye ntwemu bɛyɛ mita 31 (anammɔn 102) na nye sorokɔ yɛ mita 7.5 (anammɔn 25) no wɔ adziwo no hye do, wɔ ano a ɔnye ɔpon no dzi nhwɛanyim no do. Mfiase no wɔdze ndua, demmire wattle na daub na esii, na wɔdze sare a ɔyɛ den a wɔdze ayɛ adum a ɔyɛ dzen na ɔyɛe, na na sare gyina ndua nhama nkaa 52 do (a ɔgyina hɔ ma Bagandafo amandze mmusuakuw 52 no). Wɔdze nnɛyi adansi ndzɛmba bae wɔ nsiesie kɛse a etwa tow a Kabaka Mutesa II a ofi Buganda yɛe wɔ 1938 mu, a dzea ɔka ho nye dade dan, kɔnkrit adum, na birikisi a wɔdze asie wɔ atsetsesɛm ndzɛmba ekyi kɛse. Abansor bi a ɔtrɛw a ɔba fam no kɔ mbea kronkron a ɔwɔ mu no mu, a wɔdze demmire a wɔdze akyekyɛ mu, a wɔdze ntsama a wɔdze ndua ayɛ asiesie do, nye kabaka ahorow no nkae adze. Wɔdze adamoa no si kwae kronkron bi mu (Kibira) a ɔwɔ mu, a wɔdze ntsama a wɔdze nnua ayɛ ahintaw a obiara nhu. Wɔdze lemon sare na mmɛ nhaban a wɔdze ayɛ ntam akata fam hɔ.

Afei nso, adan pii a wɔasisi wɔ amandze kwan do asisi adiwo hɔ, a "ɔyerenom afie" pii a wɔdze ma owufo kabaka akunafo, a wɔhwɛ ebusua no adamoa do ka ho. Wɔtaa dze wattle na daub a wɔdze sare ayɛ do na esisi hɔn afie no, ɔwom dɛ ber kɔɔ do no, wɔsan sii ebinom a wɔdze birikisi na dadze kaa ho, na adamoa a wɔdze yɛɛ adehye ebusuafo dze. Ɔsan nso yɛ adehye ebusua no mufo fie, na adehye mpanyimfo a Nalinya (honhom mu awɛmfo), n’abadiakyir Lubuga (a ɔhwɛ kuayɛ do wɔ bea hɔ) na nye boafo a ɔhwɛ do no Katikkiro ka ho. Ɔsan nso yɛ bea a Ngo ebusua no dze atsetesɛm yɛ atam dodow a wɔdze ndua ayɛ na wɔdze siesie na Ngeye ebusua no atsetsesɛm mu akwan a wɔfa do dze sare yɛ.

Buganda Ahemman a ɔyɛ Uganda tsetse ahemman anan no mu a ɔso kyɛn biara no na ɔhwɛɛ ɔdan no do na ɔhwɛɛ do kosii dɛ Ɔmampanyin (saa ber no Ɔmampanyin) Milton Obote tuu fii hɔ wɔ 1966 mu, na bio ber a Ɔmampanyin Museveni san dze sii hɔ wɔ 1993. Ɔno bɛyɛɛ bea a hɔn abɔ ho ban wɔ Uganda mbra ase wɔ 1972 mu, na wɔdze Kabaka dzin akyerɛw asase no dzin wɔ Ahenni no ananmu.

Bea no da do ara yɛ honhom na amanyɛsɛm bea a ɔho hia ma Bagandafo. Wɔ afe 2001 mu no, wɔdze Kasubi Aboda no too gua dɛ UNESCO Wiadze Egyapadze Bea.

Ɔsɛɛ

Wɔ 16 Ebɔw 2010, bɛyɛ anadwo 8.30 wɔ mpɔtsam hɔ ber do no, ogya sɛɛ Kasubi adamoa no. Wonnya nhuu dzea ɔdze ogya no bae. Buganda ahemman no ahyɛ bɔ dɛ wɔbɛyɛ nhwehwɛmu a ɔdze nye ho wɔ ogya no ho, a ɔka ɔman no polisifo kuw no ho.

John Bosco Walusimbi, Buganda ahemman no Ɔmampanyin no kae wɔ Ebɔw 17 dɛ:

Ahenni no wɔ awerɛhow mu. Nsɛmfua biara nnyi hɔ a wɔdze bɛkyerɛ adzehwer a adzeyɛ a ɔyɛ mmɔborohunu kyɛn biara yi dze ba no mu. — Ɔwɛmfo no.

Sɛnea Walusimbi kyerɛ no, kabaka ahorow no nkae no nnyi dɛm, osiandɛ na hɔn abɔ adamoa no mu kronkronbea no ho ban afi ɔsɛe koraa ho.

Wɔ 17 Ebɔw 2010 mu no, Ɔhene Kabaka a ɔyɛ Buganda, Ronald Muwenda Mutebi II, na Uganda Ɔmampanyin, Yoweri Museveni, kɔsraa baabi a wɔdZe adamoa no sii no. Nyimpa ɔhaha pii nso atu kwan akɔ bea hɔ akɔboa ma hɔn agye ndzɛmba a aka biara.

Basabasayɛ sii wɔ Ɔmampanyin no nsrahwɛ no mu. Ahobammbɔ asraafo tow basabasayɛfo ebien (amanyebɔ ahorow bi ka dɛ ebasa) tuo kum hɔn na wɔbɔ amanye dɛ enum pirapirae. Uganda asraafo na polisifo no na basabasayɛfo nso dzii asi wɔ ahenkurow Kampala mu. Asraafo de mframa a ɔma obi nusu dzii dwuma dze hwetsee Baganda ebusuakuw no mu basabasayɛfo.

Ɔsɛe no sii wɔ ebusuabɔ a ɔyɛ fɛre a ɔda Uganda aban na Buganda ahemman no ntsam, tsitsir esian Fankwa 2009 basabasayɛ no ntsi. Ansa na basabasayɛ yi reba no, wogyaee Buganda hene Ronald Mutebi Mwenda dɛ ɔnkɔkyinkyin n’ahenni no afa horow, na wɔkyeree nsɛm ho amanyebɔfo pii a wɔkyerɛ dɛ wɔwɔ tema ma ahenni no na basabasayɛfo no na wɔretwɛn dɛ wobedzi hɔn asɛm.

Dzea Ofii Ogya a Ɔtɔe No Ekyi Bae

The interior of the Muzibu Azaala Mpanga in 2007, included relics and portraits of the buried kabakas

The structure containing the tombs was located at the end of a large courtyard

Plan view of the Oluyga Courtyard, using data from the laser scanning project in early 2009

Buganda Ahemman no nnyido no aka ntsam dɛ wɔbɛsan asi adamoa no na Ɔmampanyin Museveni kae dɛ ɔman no aban no bɛboa ma hɔn asan asiesie no.

Wɔhyehyɛɛ bagua bi a ɔbɛkyerɛ dzea ɔdze ogya no bae na ɔmanfo a hɔn yɛ asraafo a wowuwui wɔ nna a edzi hɔ no mu. Saa bagua yi dze amanyebɔ bi maa Uganda aban wɔ Ebɔw 2011 mu, nanso ɔdze besi Ebɔbira 2012 no, na wonnya nyii no edzi amma ɔmanfo. Ɔdze besi Mumu 2012 no, na wɔdze amannɔnye mmoa ahyɛ nhyehyɛe bi ase dɛ wɔbɛsan dze Kasubi adamoa no asi hɔ. Mprempren Buganda aban no asi ahobambɔ ho nhyehyɛe ahorow do ndua wɔ ber a wɔresan asiesie hɔ no mu a ɔbɛma hɔn abara nyimpa a wɔbɛkɔ adamoa no mu.

Wɔ asɛm a esii no ho mmuaema mu no, wɔsomaa asɛmpatrɛw edwuma bi dzenam UNESCO Japan Sikakorabea a Ɔhwɛ Wiadze Amandze Egyapadze Do a Wɔkora do no do dɛ hɔn nyɛ nhyehyɛe bi a wɔdze besiw adamoa no a wɔbɛsan asi no ano. Japan aban no gyinaa dzea efii asɛmpatrɛw edwuma no mu bae no do sii gyinae dɛ wɔbɛma edwuma no sikakorabea biakoyɛ dze asan asi adamoa no, ayi afi Wiadze Egyapadze a ɔwɔ esiane mu Kyerɛwtohɔ no mu, nhyehyɛe a etu mpɔn a wɔdze besiw esiane ano na anyimdzefo a wɔbɛsan dze amandze egyapadze asan aba no akɔma na ɔwɔ hɔ.